Python模块导入5种常用方式详解，含代码演示与避坑指南-嘻道妙招

1. 鈥?strong>鈥嬬洿鎺ュ鍏ユ硶鈥?/strong>鈥?鈫?鍘熷浣嗙鐢?/h4>

python澶嶅埗# 灏卞儚鎷嗗揩閫掔洿鎺ユ嬁鏁翠釜鍖呰９
import math
print(math.sqrt(9))  # 3.0

鈥?strong>鈥嬮噸鐐规敞鎰忊€?/strong>鈥嬶細姣忔璋冪敤閮借鍐欐ā鍧楀悕锛岄€傚悎棰戠箒浣跨敤鐨勬儏鍐?/p>

python澶嶅埗# 鍍忓湪瓒呭競鍙拱涓€棰楄タ鍏拌姳
from datetime import datetime
print(datetime.now().year)  # 2023

鈿狅笍鍧戠偣棰勮锛氬鏋滃鍏ヤ簡鍚屽悕鍑芥暟锛屽悗闈㈢殑浼氳鐩栧墠闈㈢殑锛?/p>

python澶嶅埗# 缁欏コ鏈嬪弸璧锋樀绉版棦瑙嗘劅
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame()  # 鐪熼锛?/span>

鈥?strong>鈥嬪疄鎴樼粡楠屸€?/strong>鈥嬶細澶勭悊闀垮悕绉版ā鍧楋紙姣斿matplotlib.pyplot锛夋椂宸ㄧ渷浜?/p>

python澶嶅埗# 鍍忓悆鑷姪椁愮幇鎷跨幇鍙?/span>
module_name = "numpy"
np = __import__(module_name)
print(np.array([1,2,3]))  # [1 2 3]

馃挕閫傜敤鍦烘櫙锛氭牴鎹厤缃枃浠跺姩鎬佸垏鎹㈠簱鐗堟湰鏃剁壒鍒湁鐢?/p>

python澶嶅埗# 鑷鍚庨櫌鐨勭瀵嗛€氶亾
from .utils import secret_function

锛堟姄鐙?gif锛夋柊鎵嬪父瑙侀棶棰橈細鍦ㄨ剼鏈洿鎺ヨ繍琛屾椂缁濆涓嶈兘鐢紒

python澶嶅埗# 鏂囦欢A
from B import func

# 鏂囦欢B
from A import another_func

锛堜綘鎼佽繖鐜╀縿缃楁柉濂楀▋鍛紵锛夎В鍐虫柟妗堬細
鉁?閲嶆瀯浠ｇ爜缁撴瀯鉁?鎶婂鍏ヨ鍙ユ斁鍒板嚱鏁板唴閮?/p>

鉂?杩疯矾鐨勫皬鐧?鈫?璺緞鎵句笉鍒?/h4>

锛堜妇涓牀瀛愷煂帮級褰撲綘鐨勮嚜瀹氫箟妯″潡鍦ㄩ殧澹佹枃浠跺す鏃讹細

python澶嶅埗import sys
sys.path.append("../my_modules")  # 鎵嬪姩鎸囪矾

鈥?strong>鈥嬬湡鐩告椂鍒烩€?/strong>鈥嬶細PyCharm杩欑被IDE浼氳嚜鍔ㄦ坊鍔犻」鐩牴璺緞锛屼絾鍛戒护琛岃繍琛屽氨涓嶄細锛?/p>

鉂?鏆楄棌鏉€鏈?鈫?鍔ㄦ€佸鍏ラ櫡闃?/h4>

python澶嶅埗# 杩欐浠ｇ爜鍙兘鍦ㄤ綘鐨勭數鑴戠垎鐐?/span>
module = input("杈撳叆妯″潡鍚嶏細")
__import__(module)  # 鐢ㄦ埛瑕佹槸杈撲釜"os.system('rm -rf /')"灏卞畬鐘婂瓙

锛堢憻鐟熷彂鎶?jpg锛夐槻寰℃柟妗堬細
鉁?鐧藉悕鍗曟牎楠?鉁?浣跨敤importlib鐨勮鑼冩柟娉?/p>

Python模块导入5种常用方式详解，含代码演示与避坑指南