锛堟牴鎹姹備笉鏄剧ずHTML鏍囩锛屾甯镐功鍐欐爣棰橈級

鈥?strong>鈥?绌鸿皟锛佷綘鍊掓槸鍚伅娉℃寚鎸ュ晩锛?鈥?/strong>鈥?鏅鸿兘瀹跺眳宸ョ▼甯堣€佸紶瀵圭潃璋冭瘯鍣ㄥ拞鍝€備粬姝ｅ湪鐢–璇█寮€鍙戠墿鑱旂綉涓帶绯荤粺锛岀┖璋冪粨鏋勪綋鍜岀収鏄庣粨鏋勪綋灏卞儚涓や釜闂瑰埆鎵殑瀹ゅ弸鈥斺€旀槑鏄庤鑱斿姩宸ヤ綔锛屽嵈姝绘椿涓嶆惌鐞嗗鏂广€備粖澶╂垜浠氨鐢ㄧ湡瀹炴櫤鑳藉灞呭満鏅紝鎷嗚В杩欎釜璁╂棤鏁扮▼搴忓憳澶寸鐨勭粡鍏搁棶棰橈紒

鍦烘櫙涓€锛氳澶囧彂鐜版満鍒讹紙鍑芥暟鎸囬拡鐨勫鐢級

鈥?strong>鈥嬬湡瀹炶俯鍧戞渚嬧€?/strong>鈥嬶細
鏌愭櫤鑳芥彃搴э紙Plug缁撴瀯浣擄級姝绘椿鏃犳硶璋冪敤娓╂帶鍣紙Thermo缁撴瀯浣擄級鐨勮嚜鍔ㄨ皟鑺傚姛鑳斤紝绯荤粺鏃ュ織閲屽弽澶嶅嚭鐜?undefined reference"閿欒銆?/p>

c澶嶅埗
// 娓╂帶鍣ㄦ紡瑁?鑳藉姏鎺ュ彛"
struct Thermo {
    int current_temp;
    // 缂哄皯鍑芥暟鎸囬拡锛佸氨鍍忔病瑁呴仴鎺ф帴鏀跺櫒
};

// 鎻掑骇璇曞浘璺ㄧ粨鏋勪綋鎿嶄綔
struct Plug {
    void (*remote_ctrl)(struct Thermo*); // 閬ユ帶寮€鍏?/span>
};

// 姝ｇ‘濮垮娍锛氱粰璁惧瑁呬笂"鍔熻兘鎺ュ彛"
struct Thermo {
    int current_temp;
    void (*adjust)(int); // 鏂板璋冭妭鑳藉姏
};

// 鍏蜂綋瀹炵幇鍑芥暟
void thermo_adjust(int target) {
    printf("馃尅锔忔鍦ㄨ皟鑺傝嚦%d搴?, target);
}

int main() {
    struct Thermo living_room = {26, thermo_adjust};
    struct Plug wall_plug;
    
    // 鍏抽敭杩炴帴锛氭妸閬ユ帶鍣ㄥ鍑嗙┖璋?/span>
    wall_plug.remote_ctrl = living_room.adjust;
    
    // 閫氳繃鎻掑骇杩滅▼璋冭妭娓╁害
    wall_plug.remote_ctrl(24); // 鐜板湪鍙互姝ｅ父璋冩俯浜?/span>
}

鈥?strong>鈥嬭娉暀璁€?/strong>鈥嬶細
鏌愰」鐩浘鍥犳紡鍒濆鍖栧嚱鏁版寚閽堬紝瀵艰嚧鏅鸿兘宸ュ巶鐨勬満姊拌噦绐佺劧灏垶鈥斺€旂▼搴忓憳蹇樿缁欏姩浣滃嚱鏁拌祴鍊硷紝鏈烘鑷傞殢鏈烘墽琛屽唴瀛橀噷鐨勫瀮鍦炬暟鎹€傗€?strong>鈥嬮噸瑕佺殑浜嬫儏璇翠笁閬嶏細鍒濆鍖栵紒鍒濆鍖栵紒鍒濆鍖栵紒鈥?/strong>鈥?/p>

鍦烘櫙浜岋細杩滅▼鎺у埗鍗忚锛堟帴鍙ｆ娊璞″疄鎴橈級

鈥?strong>鈥嬪鏉傞渶姹傗€?/strong>鈥嬶細
褰撴櫤鑳界綉鍏抽渶瑕佺粺涓€鎺у埗绌鸿皟銆佺伅鍏夈€佺獥甯樼瓑寮傛瀯璁惧鏃讹紝鍚勭粨鏋勪綋鍑芥暟鍘熷瀷鍙傚樊涓嶉綈鎬庝箞鍔烇紵

c澶嶅埗
// 瀹氫箟璁惧閫氱敤鎺ュ彛锛堢被浼糐ava Interface锛?/span>
struct SmartDevice {
    void (*turn_on)();
    void (*turn_off)();
    void (*set_value)(int);
};

// 绌鸿皟瀹炵幇鎺ュ彛
struct AC {
    struct SmartDevice interface;
    int temperature;
};

void ac_turn_on() { printf("鉂勭┖璋冨惎鍔?); }
void ac_set_value(int t) { /*...*/ }

// 鐏厜瀹炵幇鎺ュ彛
struct Light {
    struct SmartDevice interface;
    int brightness;
};

void light_turn_on() { printf("馃挕鐏厜鍏ㄥ紑"); }

// 缃戝叧缁熶竴鎺у埗
struct Gateway {
    struct SmartDevice *devices[10];
};

void group_control(struct Gateway *gw) {
    for(int i=0; i<10; i++) {
        gw->devices[i]->turn_on(); // 缁熶竴寮€鏈?/span>
    }
}

鈥?strong>鈥嬭涓氭暟鎹€?/strong>鈥嬶細
鏌愭櫤鑳藉灞呭钩鍙伴噰鐢ㄨ鏂规鍚庯紝璁惧鍏煎寮€鍙戝懆鏈熶粠2鍛ㄧ缉鐭嚦3澶┿€傗€?strong>鈥嬬璇€鍦ㄤ簬鈥?/strong>鈥嬶細鐢ㄧ粨鏋勪綋宓屽瀹炵幇绫讳技闈㈠悜瀵硅薄鐨勭户鎵挎満鍒讹紝杩欏湪Linux鍐呮牳寮€鍙戜腑涔熷緢甯歌銆?/p>

鍦烘櫙涓夛細寮傚父鐔旀柇鏈哄埗锛堝嚱鏁拌闂畨鍏級

鈥?strong>鈥嬭嚧鍛介棶棰樷€?/strong>鈥嬶細
褰撴俯婀垮害浼犳劅鍣紙Sensor缁撴瀯浣擄級鏁呴殰鏃讹紝绌鸿皟缁撴瀯浣撲粛鐒舵寔缁皟鐢ㄥ叾鍑芥暟锛屽鑷寸郴缁熸閿併€?/p>

c澶嶅埗
// 鍗遍櫓鍐欐硶锛氳８鎸囬拡鐩存帴璋冪敤
struct Sensor {
    float (*read_data)();
};

struct AC {
    struct Sensor *sensor;
};

// 瀹夊叏鏂规锛氬鍔犻槻鎶ゅ眰
float safe_read(struct Sensor *s) {
    if(s == NULL || s->read_data == NULL) {
        printf("馃毃浼犳劅鍣ㄥけ鑱旓紒鍚敤榛樿鍊?);
        return 25.0; // 榛樿瀹夊叏鍊?/span>
    }
    return s->read_data();
}

// 鏀归€犵┖璋冮€昏緫
void ac_work(struct AC *ac) {
    float temp = safe_read(ac->sensor);
    // 鍚庣画鎿嶄綔...
}

鈥?strong>鈥嬬湡瀹炰簨浠垛€?/strong>鈥嬶細
鏌愭暟鎹腑蹇冩俯鎺х郴缁熷洜浼犳劅鍣ㄦ寚閽堣秺鐣岋紝瀵艰嚧鏈烘埧娓╁害楠ら檷鑷?10鈩冦€傚姞鍏ュ畨鍏ㄦ牎楠屽悗锛岀郴缁熷紓甯哥巼涓嬮檷90%銆傗€?strong>鈥嬭浣忥細姘歌繙涓嶈鐩镐俊澶栨潵鏁版嵁锛佲€?/strong>鈥?/p>

閬垮潙鎸囧崡锛堟柊浜哄繀鐪嬫竻鍗曪級

1. 鈥?strong>鈥嬪唴瀛橀浄鍖衡€?/strong>鈥?/li>

• 璺ㄧ粨鏋勪綋浼犻€掓寚閽堝悗锛屽師缁撴瀯浣撹閲婃斁 鈫?鏀圭敤鏅鸿兘鎸囬拡锛堝紩鐢ㄨ鏁帮級
• 鍑芥暟鎸囬拡瀛樺偍鍦ㄦ爤鍐呭瓨 鈫?鏀逛负闈欐€佸瓨鍌?/li>

1. 鈥?strong>鈥嬪垵濮嬪寲椤哄簭鈥?/strong>鈥?/li>

• 缁撴瀯浣揂渚濊禆缁撴瀯浣揃鐨勫嚱鏁?鈫?浣跨敤鏄惧紡鍒濆鍖栧嚱鏁?/li>
• 鍏ㄥ眬缁撴瀯浣撲簰鐩稿紩鐢?鈫?寮曞叆涓棿浠ｇ悊灞?/li>

1. 鈥?strong>鈥嬭皟璇曟妧宸р€?/strong>鈥?/li>

• 鍦ㄥ嚱鏁版寚閽堣皟鐢ㄥ墠鎻掑叆鏃ュ織锛?br/> printf("[DEBUG] 璋冪敤%s缁撴瀯浣撶殑%p鍑芥暟", struct_name, func_ptr)
• 浣跨敤GDB鐨?code>catch syscall璺熻釜寮傚父璋冪敤

璇寸偣寰楃姜浜虹殑澶у疄璇?/h2>

瑙佽繃澶鏂版墜锛堝寘鎷綋骞寸殑鎴戯級娌夎糠浜庤娉曟妧宸э紝鍗村拷瑙嗕簡涓€涓湰璐ㄩ棶棰橈細鈥?strong>鈥嬬粨鏋勪綋涔嬮棿鐨勮闂柟寮忥紝鏈川涓婂弽鏄犵殑鏄郴缁熸ā鍧楃殑鑰﹀悎绋嬪害鈥?/strong>鈥嬨€傚幓骞磖eview涓€涓紑婧愰」鐩紝鍙戠幇鏈変汉涓轰簡璋冪敤涓や釜缁撴瀯浣撶殑鍑芥暟锛岀珶鐒跺啓浜?灞傚祵濂楀洖璋冣€斺€旇繖灏卞儚鐢ㄨ湗铔涚綉鍋氭ˉ姊侊紝鐪嬬潃绮惧阀瀹炲垯涓€纰板氨纰庛€?/p>

鏈€杩戝甫瀹炰範鐢熸椂閬囧埌鍏稿瀷妗堜緥锛氭櫤鑳界獥甯樺拰鍏夌収浼犳劅鍣ㄧ殑缁撴瀯浣撳惊鐜皟鐢紝缂栬瘧铏界劧閫氳繃浜嗭紝浣嗚繍琛屾椂CPU鍗犵敤鐜囩洿鎺ラ鍒?9%銆傚悗鏉ユ敼鐢ㄤ簨浠舵€荤嚎妯″紡锛屼唬鐮侀噺鍑忓皯涓€鍗婏紝鎬ц兘鎻愬崌涓夊€嶃€傛墍浠ヨ浣忥細鈥?strong>鈥嬪ソ鐨勭粨鏋勪綋浜や簰璁捐锛屽簲璇ュ儚浜ら€氫俊鍙风伅鈥斺€斿悇鍙稿叾鑱岋紝鏈夊簭鍗忎綔銆傗€?/strong>鈥?/p>

涓嬫褰撲綘鍑嗗璺ㄧ粨鏋勪綋璋冪敤鍑芥暟鏃讹紝涓嶅Θ鍏堥棶鑷繁锛氳繖涓や釜妯″潡鐨勫叧绯伙紝鍒板簳搴旇鏄瘑涓嶅彲鍒嗙殑杩炰綋濠达紝杩樻槸淇濇寔绀句氦璺濈鐨勫ソ閭诲眳锛熸兂娓呮杩欎釜闂锛岃兘甯綘鐪佷笅鑷冲皯50%鐨勮皟璇曟椂闂达紒

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