样方与标记法实操指南：落丰富度调查全流程解析
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绉嶇兢瀵嗗害 = (鏍锋柟1涓綋鏁?鏍锋柟2涓綋鏁?鈥? 梅 鏍锋柟涓暟
涓句釜鏍楀瓙馃尠锛?/p>
| 鏍锋柟缂栧彿 | 1鍙?/th> | 2鍙?/th> | 3鍙?/th> | 骞冲潎瀵嗗害 |
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鈥?strong>鈥嬫爣璁版硶+鏍锋柟娉曠粍鍚堟嫵鈥?/strong>鈥嬶細
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鐗╃涓板瘜搴︽寚鏁拌瑙ｏ細浠嶮argalef鍒癝hannon鍏紡搴旂敤
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浣犲甫鏈嬪弸閫涘叕鍥紝璇?杩欏効楦熷ソ澶氾紒"鈥斺€斾絾10鍙夯闆€鍜?鍙€侀拱鑳戒竴鏍峰悧锛熲€?strong>鈥嬩赴瀵屽害鎸囨暟灏辨槸甯綘璇存竻"澶?鑳屽悗鐨勯棬閬撯€?/strong>鈥嬶紒浠婂ぉ鍜变滑鎺板紑鎻夌璁查€廙argalef鍜孲hannon涓ゅぇ绁炲櫒锛屽皬鐧戒篃鑳界鍙樼敓鎬佹暟鎹垎鏋愬笀~
馃搳 鍩虹鎵洸锛氫赴瀵屽害鎸囨暟鏄暐锛熸湁鍟ョ敤锛?/h3>
绠€鍗曡锛屽畠鎶?涓€鐗囧湴鏈夊灏戠"鍗囩骇鎴?杩欎簺绉嶇墰鍦ㄥ摢"銆傛瘮濡傦細
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鈥?strong>鈥嬪叕寮忓姣旇〃鈥?/strong>鈥嬶紙鏀惰棌澶囩敤锛侊級锛?/p>
| 鎸囨暟鍚?/th> | 鍏紡 | 鎿呴暱鍦烘櫙 | 灞€闄?/th> |
|---|---|---|---|
| 鈥?strong>鈥婱argalef鈥?/strong>鈥?/td> | R = (S-1)/ln(N) | 蹇€熸瘮鐗╃鏁伴噺澶氬 | 蹇界暐涓綋鍒嗗竷鍧囧寑搴?/td> |
| 鈥?strong>鈥婼hannon鈥?/strong>鈥?/td> | H' = -危(pi 脳 ln(pi)) | 璇勪及缇よ惤绋冲畾鎬?/td> | 璁＄畻绋嶅鏉傞渶宸ュ叿 |
娉細S=鐗╃鎬绘暟锛孨=鎬讳釜浣撴暟锛宲i=绗琲绉嶄釜浣撳崰姣?/p>
馃敘 鎵嬫妸鎵嬬畻锛氫粠鑿滃競鍦哄埌妫灄瀹炴垬
鈥?strong>鈥嬪満鏅?鈥?/strong>鈥嬶細鑿滄憡杈ｆ澶ф瘮鎷拣煂讹笍
| 鎽婁綅 | 绾㈡ | 闈掓 | 榛勬 | 鎬讳釜浣撴暟N |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A鎽?/td> | 90 | 5 | 5 | 100 |
| B鎽?/td> | 34 | 33 | 33 | 100 |
鈥?strong>鈥婱argalef鎸囨暟鈥?/strong>鈥嬶細
- A鎽婏細R=(3-1)/ln(100)鈮?/4.6=0.43
- B鎽婏細R=(3-1)/ln(100)=0.43 鈫?鈥?strong>鈥嬩咯鎽婁綅涓€鏍凤紵澶ぉ鐪燂紒鈥?/strong>鈥?/li>
鈥?strong>鈥婼hannon鎸囨暟鍑烘墜鈥?/strong>鈥嬶細
- A鎽婏細H' = -[ (0.9脳ln0.9) + (0.05脳ln0.05)脳2 ] 鈮?0.325
- B鎽婏細H' = -[ (0.34脳ln0.34) + (0.33脳ln0.33)脳2 ] 鈮?1.09 鈫?鈥?strong>鈥婤鎽婂鏍锋€х⒕鍘嬶紒鈥?/strong>鈥?/li>
鈥?strong>鈥嬪満鏅?鈥?/strong>鈥嬶細妫灄涔旀湪璋冩煡
鍋囪1鍏》鏍峰湴锛?/p>
- 鏍戠锛氭鏍?0妫点€佹澗鏍?0妫点€佹ˇ鏍?0妫?/li>
- Shannon鎸囨暟璁＄畻锛?br/> H' = -[ (50/100脳ln0.5) + (30/100脳ln0.3) + (20/100脳ln0.2) ] = 1.03
馃挕 閫夋寚鏁板儚閫夎。鏈嶏細鐪嬪満鏅笅鑿滅
- 鈥?strong>鈥婱argalef閫傜敤鈥?/strong>鈥嬶細
- 蹇€熺瓫鏌ユ薄鏌撳湴鎭㈠鏁堟灉锛堢墿绉嶆暟鍏堝洖鍗囷級
- 瀛︾敓閲庡瀹炰範閫熺畻锛堝叕寮忕畝鍗曟帎鎸囦竴绠楋級
- 鈥?strong>鈥婼hannon鏇撮鈥?/strong>鈥嬶細
- 淇濇姢鍖哄仴搴疯瘎浼帮紙绋冲畾缇よ惤鍚勭墿绉嶅潎琛★級
- 鍐滅敯瀹宠櫕闃叉帶鍐崇瓥锛堜紭鍔跨闆嗕腑鎵嶅ソ闈跺悜鎵撳嚮锛?/li>
鍘诲勾鏌愭箍鍦伴」鐩俯鍧戝疄褰曪細鐢∕argalef绠楄姦鑻囨哗寰楅珮鍒嗭紝瀹為檯75%鏄叆渚电墿绉嶏紒鈥?strong>鈥婼hannon鍊间粎0.8鎻┛铏氬亣绻佽崳鈥?/strong>鈥嬨€?/p>
鐙鏁版嵁娲炲療
鍒纾曞叕寮忊€斺€旀禉姹熷崈宀涙箹鐮旂┒鍙戠幇锛氣€?strong>鈥婼hannon鎸囨暟瓒呰繃2.5鐨勬灄鍦帮紝楦熷发鏁伴噺鏄綆鍊煎尯鐨?鍊嶁€?/strong>鈥嬶紒浣哅argalef鍦ㄥ厛閿嬬墿绉嶇洃娴嬩腑鍝嶅簲鏇村揩銆傚缓璁柊鎵嬶細
- 鍏堟媺鐗╃娓呭崟鐢∕argalef绮楃瓫
- 閲嶇偣鍖哄煙鍔燬hannon娣辨寲
- 璀︽儠鍧囧寑搴﹂櫡闃憋紙鍙傝€僑impson鎸囨暟楠岃瘉锛?br/> 宸ュ叿鏄鐨勶紝鐢熸€佹槸娲荤殑銆備笅娆℃湁浜鸿"杩欑墖鏋楀瓙鐗╃灏?锛岃寰楁€煎洖鍘伙細"灏戜笉绛変簬宸紝鑽掓紶鐗规湁鐗╃Shannon鍊间綆浣嗙弽璐垫棤姣旓紒"
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